Abstract
Abstract:
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, leading to significant academic and social impairment. Although conventional treatments are available, fear about their prolonged use and potential adverse effects have led to growing interest in integrative therapeutic approaches. Based on symptomatology, ADHD may be correlated with Unmada described in classical Ayurvedic texts.

Methods: An 8-year-old boy came to outpatient department with complaints of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity since early childhood was evaluated using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Ayurvedic assessment indicated predominance of Vata and Pitta dosha. The child was managed with Brahmi Ghrita for 60 days along with dietary modifications and parental counselling. Follow-up assessments were conducted on the 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th day. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using DSM-5 symptom domains before and after treatment.

Results: At baseline, the child fulfilled 6 out of 9 criteria in both the inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity domains of DSM-5. After 60 days of treatment, marked improvement was observed in all previously present symptoms across both domains. Improvements were noted in attention span, impulse control, hyperactivity, and overall behaviour, with better academic and social functioning. No adverse effects were reported during the treatment period.

Conclusion: This case report suggests that Ayurvedic management with Brahmi Ghrita, along with dietary modification and parental counselling, may be beneficial in improving symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity in children with ADHD. The observed clinical improvement highlights the potential role of Medhya Rasayana formulations as a supportive and integrative approach in the holistic management of ADHD.

Key words: Ayurveda, DSM-5, Inattentive, Medhya Rasayana, Paediatric, Unmada